Fear of fraud amongst older adults: a hidden epidemic?

Mark Button; David Shepherd; Chloe Hawkins; Jacki Tapley

Security Journal · 2025-06-25 · Issue: 2025-03
Peer-reviewed research article · Version of record · CC BY 4.0 · 8,557 words

Original source: Volume 38 · Issue 1 · 44

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Title: Fear of fraud amongst older adults: a hidden epidemic?
Human authorship: Mark Button; David Shepherd; Chloe Hawkins; Jacki Tapley
Source: Complete manuscript edition 2026-10-22
Editorial record: Attributed Creative Commons source edition. Original publication and authorship remain with the source. Hosting is not a new peer-review decision.

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Original authors / creators: Mark Button; David Shepherd; Chloe Hawkins; Jacki Tapley
Original publication: Security Journal · Palgrave Macmillan UK · 2025-06-25 · Issue date 2025-03
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doi:10.1057/s41284-025-00485-1
License & retained notices: CC BY 4.0
Rights and permissions Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ . Reprints and permissions
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Rights and permissions Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ . Reprints and permissions
Edition changes: Licensed narrative text edition. Original headings, paragraphs and references are preserved with normalized whitespace and layout. Figures, tables, display equations and separately licensed third-party material are not reproduced; use the linked original full text for those elements and definitive pagination. This is an attributed republication, not newly conducted research.
Evidence limits: The charity-based sample was non-probabilistic and biased toward older women and social vulnerability. Fear and experience are reported, causal effects of campaigns are not established, and the paper does not evaluate the proposed family-office protocol.
Retraction / correction check: No article-specific retraction identified in publisher front matter and Crossref metadata inspection Bounded metadata/front-matter check; not a comprehensive Retraction Watch or all-version audit. An absence of notice is not a guarantee. Checked 2026-10-22.
Preserved record: Rights and full text checked 2026-10-22. Included in this volume on 2026-10-22. Original source dates remain unchanged.
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