Open research collection · Volume 01 / 2026

Learning to Fly
in World Models.

See the cues. Understand the consequences. Choose the next action. One hundred readings connect flight-school practice to perception, simulation and judgment.

An eclipse-like dark circle surrounded by light above a palm-lined waterfront.
Looking up. From the editor’s visual notebook.
24

Renderer

Perception, scanning and sensory cues.

29

Simulator

Dynamics, scenarios and transfer.

47

Actors

Learners, instructors, crews and AI.

From world models to capable judgment.

The collection adapts Dr. Freedom Cheteni’s Render. Simulate. Plan. framework. Actors names the people and synthetic participants who perceive, plan and act.

61 readings directly concern flight training; 21 address aviation human factors; 15 examine simulation engineering; two concern ATC training; one addresses aeronautical engineering education. Each guide identifies its scope and evidence limits.

Ten chapters. One learning journey.
  1. R1 Cockpit perception and scanning
  2. R2 XR interfaces and displays
  3. R3 Sensory cues and comfort
  4. S1 Training transfer and adoption
  5. S2 Dynamics and simulator fidelity
  6. S3 Training infrastructure and scenarios
  7. A1 Curriculum, instructors and assessment
  8. A2 Workload and adaptive learning
  9. A3 Safety, uncertainty and startle
  10. A4 Synthetic actors and human–AI teams
Download the annotated guide ↗

The research collection

Find your next insight.

24 of 100 research readings · Showing 1–12

001

Renderer
2020

Improving the pilot selection process by using eye-tracking tools

Slaviša Ivan Vlačić; Aleksandar Zdravko Knežević; et al. · Journal of Eye Movement Research

Examines visual attention measures as a complement to pilot selection. Useful for discussing scan assessment before increasingly demanding training phases.

002

Renderer
2020

The Application of Flexible Areas of Interest to Pilot Mobile Eye Tracking

Zbigniew Gomolka; Damian Kordos; et al. · Sensors

Demonstrates flexible areas of interest for mobile eye tracking in a simulator. Supports debriefs that connect instrument attention to training experience.

003

Renderer
2026

From Gaze Allocation to Scan Sequences: A Segment-Sensitive Eye-Tracking Study of Pilot Scan Discipline During Simulated Instrument Landing System Approaches

Bo Fu; Jonathan Peña; et al. · Journal of Eye Movement Research

Examines scan sequences across segments of instrument approaches. Offers candidate debrief measures that consider the organization of cross-checks, not only dwell time.

004

Renderer
2025

Impact of automation level on airline pilots’ flying performance and visual scanning strategies: A full flight simulator study

Mickaël Causse; Manuel Mercier; et al. · Applied Ergonomics

Addresses the relationship between automation level, flying performance and visual scanning. A useful reading for comparing manual and automated monitoring exercises.

005

Renderer
2021

Visual scanning strategies in the cockpit are modulated by pilots’ expertise: A flight simulator study

Christophe Lounis; Vsevolod Peysakhovich; et al. · PLOS ONE

Compares professional pilots and novices during simulated landings. Helps frame scan coaching around attention distribution and scan structure as well as individual fixations.

006

Renderer
2015

Visual Scanning in an Air Traffic Control Tower – A Simulation Study

Peer G. Manske; Sebastian L. Schier · Procedia Manufacturing

Provides an air-traffic-control perspective on visual scanning. Useful for understanding the attention demands of another actor in the same aviation environment.

007

Renderer
2025

Research on Flight Training Optimization with Instrument Failure Based on Eye Movement Data

Jiwen Tai; Yu Qian; et al. · Journal of Eye Movement Research

Uses instructor eye-movement examples to teach responses to instrument failure. Supports an article on making expert monitoring strategies visible during instruction.

008

Renderer
2026

Development of multimodal augmented reality applications on the flight deck for single-pilot operations: subjective user satisfaction

Wen-Chin Li; Jingyi Zhang; et al. · Virtual Reality

Compares voice and gesture interaction with AR landing checklists. Useful for designing prompts that pilots can use while managing flight tasks.

009

Renderer
2026

Effect of simulator frame rate on pilot training for high-speed fighter aircraft

John Jong-Jin Kim; Ramy Kirollos · Frontiers in Physiology

Reviews how simulator frame rate relates to fast visual scenes, performance, sickness and training. Useful when specifying the renderer for demanding tasks.

010

Renderer
2021

Remote Sensing Image Super-Resolution for the Visual System of a Flight Simulator: Dataset and Baseline

Wenyi Ge; Zhitao Wang; et al. · Aerospace

Introduces airport imagery and super-resolution methods for simulator scenery. Useful for renderer discussions about terrain detail, visual references and image quality.

011

Renderer
2023

Designing augmented reality for future commercial aviation: a user-requirement analysis with commercial aviation pilots

James Blundell; Don Harris · Virtual Reality

Uses pilot and aviation-expert input to identify AR applications and requirements. Supports designing displays around situation awareness and operational needs.

012

Renderer
2021

Evaluation of Keypoint Descriptors for Flight Simulator Cockpit Elements: WrightBroS Database

Karolina Nurzynska; Przemysław Skurowski; et al. · Sensors

Benchmarks cockpit-device recognition for AR training overlays. Helps connect object recognition, registration and responsiveness to usable cockpit guidance.

Sources, authorship and reuse License evidence and screening depth

These annotated research records link to the original publications. Source authors and venues retain their identity. Annotations were prepared with AI assistance under the journal’s editorial direction; they are not the source authors’ text or a formal systematic review. Some publications may share study samples. Screening depth is stated on every record.

80 sources carry CC BY, seven CC BY-NC and 13 CC BY-NC-ND. Matching license evidence was found on 70 article pages; 30 rely on publisher-deposited metadata and need an article/PDF rights check before full-text republication. Three TDM-only metadata records were supplemented by explicit article-license notices. Source articles are not reproduced in full here. Checked October 30, 2026.

100 source articles, with original authorship and individual reading guides.