Parenting Journal · Volume 1 · Issue 5 · Licensed source edition
The motherhood penalty and absence of leisure rights: legal examination and institutional response under China's three-child policy
Originally published 2026-04-07 · Frontiers in Sociology
Frontiers Media SA · DOI 10.3389/fsoc.2026.1764494 ↗
Working-family evidence
Work, care and the whole person.
Examines time, care services and rights remedies as parts of the motherhood penalty, broadening respect beyond access to a job.
Directly examines work and family life, parenting, caregiving or employment policies for families.
Editorial reading guide · Respect
Does our idea of family support leave parents any genuine time of their own?
Examines time, care services and rights remedies as parts of the motherhood penalty, broadening respect beyond access to a job.
Study context
Analysis of women workers’ leisure rights under China’s three-child policy.
Age / stage: Adult women workers; legal-policy analysis.
Read with three questions
- How does the analysis define time, capacity and rights deprivation?
- Which responsibilities does it assign to the state, market and family?
- Which proposals depend on China’s specific legal and social-policy setting?
Keep the limits in view
This is a normative legal analysis rather than an intervention evaluation; it describes the source’s policy context and does not establish the current law in another jurisdiction.
The text below is the original article’s licensed repository edition. Its wording is not rewritten. Use the Paper Agent beside the text to locate evidence; open the source for figures, tables and complete context.
Opening the verified paper and agent…
Checking the article identity, license record, and saved source text.
Open the repository recordAttribution & reuse
Follow the original.
Original authorship, publication date, journal and DOI are preserved. This issue’s TRICK placement and reading questions are editorial additions, not claims made by the original authors.
Tong Huang; Zebang Hu (2026). The motherhood penalty and absence of leisure rights: legal examination and institutional response under China's three-child policy Frontiers in Sociology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2026.1764494
Permissions checked against the saved article notice; repository publication notices screened 2026-11-05. This is not a new peer-review decision. The source authors and publishers are not represented as endorsing this issue.