Parenting Journal · Volume 1 · Issue 1 · Licensed source edition
Attachment to mothers and fathers during middle childhood: an evidence from Polish sample
Originally published 2019-12-11 · BMC Psychology
BMC · DOI 10.1186/s40359-019-0361-5 ↗
Editorial reading guide · Trust
Can a child experience their relationships with each caregiver differently?
This paper treats trust as relationship-specific, comparing children’s felt security with mothers and fathers during middle childhood.
Who was studied?
132 Polish children and their mothers
Age / stage: Children aged 8–12 years
Read with three questions
- How were felt security and coping strategies assessed?
- How did age and caregiver relationship relate to the findings?
- Why should differences within this sample not become cultural or gender stereotypes?
Keep the limits in view
The study was cross-sectional and based on a single national sample. Child and maternal questionnaires cannot establish developmental causation or represent all Polish families or other cultures.
The text below is the original article’s licensed repository edition. Its wording is not rewritten. Use the Paper Agent beside the text to locate evidence; open the source for figures, tables and complete context.
Opening the verified paper and agent…
Checking the article identity, license record, and saved source text.
Open the repository recordAttribution & reuse
Follow the original.
Original authorship, publication date, journal and DOI are preserved. This issue’s TRICK placement and reading questions are editorial additions, not claims made by the original authors.
Anna Kamza (2019). Attachment to mothers and fathers during middle childhood: an evidence from Polish sample BMC Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-019-0361-5
Permissions checked against the saved article notice; repository publication notices screened 2026-11-04. This is not a new peer-review decision. The source authors and publishers are not represented as endorsing this issue.