Parenting Journal · Volume 2 · Issue 4 · Licensed source edition
Unpredictable maternal signals and developmental profiles of child executive function from infancy to early childhood
Originally published 2026-01-09 · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience
Elsevier · DOI 10.1016/j.dcn.2026.101672 ↗
Editorial reading guide · Independence
Which familiar signals help my child anticipate my next response?
This article examines how predictable signals from a parent relate to young children’s executive development. The independence lens asks which demands children can already manage and where practice or adult support still matters.
Who was studied?
Children followed from infancy through preschool, with observations of maternal sensory signals.
Age / stage: Infancy through preschool
Read with three questions
- What does the article establish about how predictable signals from a parent relate to young children’s executive development?
- Which measurements came first, and what changes between waves could also explain the pattern?
- How closely does the population described here match the family or setting you have in mind? The population to compare is children followed from infancy through preschool, with observations of maternal sensory signals.
Keep the limits in view
Following families over time helps establish the order of measurements. Other changing experiences could still account for the associations.
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Original authorship, publication date, journal and DOI are preserved. This issue’s TRICK placement and reading questions are editorial additions, not claims made by the original authors.
Fiia Takio; Pilvi Peura; Akie Yada; Anniina Karonen; Pauliina Juntunen; Eeva Holmberg; Eeva Eskola; Elisabeth Nordenswan; Kirby Deater-Deckard; Eeva-Leena Kataja; Asko Tolvanen; Laura Perasto; Elina Mainela-Arnold; Elysia Poggi Davis; Hasse Karlsson; Linnea Karlsson; Saara Nolvi; Riikka Korja (2026). Unpredictable maternal signals and developmental profiles of child executive function from infancy to early childhood Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2026.101672
Permissions checked against the saved article notice; repository publication notices screened 2026-11-04. This is not a new peer-review decision. The source authors and publishers are not represented as endorsing this issue.