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Parenting Journal · Volume 1 · Issue 1 · Licensed source edition

Parenting styles, empathy and aggressive behavior in preschool children: an examination of mediating mechanisms

Zhumei Lin; Ziqian Zhou; Lijun Zhu; Weige Wu

Originally published 2023-11-15 · Frontiers in Psychology
Frontiers Media SA · DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1243623 ↗

KindnessCross-sectional surveyCC BY (version not stated)
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Editorial reading guide · Kindness

How are preschool empathy and aggressive behavior associated with reported parenting styles?

Explores links among parenting styles, child empathy and aggression during the preschool years. It offers an early-childhood comparison for the Kindness theme with a clear small-sample caveat.

Who was studied?

Eighty-seven Chinese preschool children assessed with caregiver questionnaires.

Age / stage: 3–5 years

Read with three questions

  1. Which parenting-style association was most apparent?
  2. Who provided the measures of child behavior and empathy?
  3. Why does a mediation model here not prove a developmental mechanism?

Keep the limits in view

The small cross-sectional sample and questionnaire measures cannot establish causal mediation, direction of effects or generalizability to all preschool families.

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Attribution & reuse

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Original authorship, publication date, journal and DOI are preserved. This issue’s TRICK placement and reading questions are editorial additions, not claims made by the original authors.

CC BY (version not stated) · License notice ↗Original repository record ↗

Zhumei Lin; Ziqian Zhou; Lijun Zhu; Weige Wu (2023). Parenting styles, empathy and aggressive behavior in preschool children: an examination of mediating mechanisms Frontiers in Psychology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1243623

Permissions checked against the saved article notice; repository publication notices screened 2026-11-04. This is not a new peer-review decision. The source authors and publishers are not represented as endorsing this issue.