The Effect of Periodontitis on Dementia and Cognitive Impairment: A Meta-Analysis

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DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136823

© 2021 by the authors.

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Pooling observational associations does not resolve confounding, reverse causation, heterogeneity in diagnoses or differences in oral-health ascertainment. The synthesis does not establish a single bacterial cause of Alzheimer disease or show that periodontal treatment prevents cognitive decline.

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Verification date: 2026-10-22

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